主语是关系代名词时

关系代名词代表其先行词。它本身没有单复数的变化,作主语时完全要看它代表的先行词是什么,借以判断一致性。例如:

  • Ex.27 I don't trust people who (talk) too much.

关系从句 who (talk) too much 还原成单句就是 they (talk) too much ,其中 they 指的是前面的 people ,所以动词等于是由 people 决定。 正确用法:Ex.27 talk

下面这一组句子需要多考虑一下:

  • Ex.28 He has three options,which (look) equally attractive.

  • Ex.29 He has three options,which (be) a good thing.

句28中的 which 应是代表先行词 three options (三项选择),这从关系从句的句意“看起来都一样吸引人”可以判断出来。因此它的动词应是复数。 句29中的 which 则应解释为前面的整句话(he has three options),同样可以从句意看出来:他有三项选择可选,“这是一件好事”。 which 既然代表一个句子,表示“那件事”,所以应该认定为单数。 正确用法:Ex.28 look Ex.29 is

下面这个句子有两个地方需要分别判断:

  • Ex.30 It (be) the Johnson boys who (be) here last night.

主要从句的主语是个虚字 It 。虽然补语是复数 the Johnson boys ,可是动词得依主语而定,应用单数形式。后面的 who 从句中主语代表的是先行词 the Johnson boys ,所以动词要用复数。 正确用法:Ex.30 was,were

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